Virus genome architecture and replication mechanisms are extremely diverse. These fundamental characteristics are related to viral mutability and, as a result, viral genetic diversity and evolvability. Virus mutation rates differ depending on the virus's genetic makeup (RNA or DNA), size, and structure (single- or double-stranded). Viral evolution, pathogenesis, immunological evasion, and treatment resistance are all influenced by population genetic variation. Viruses create and retain genetic variation through a variety of methods, including error-prone replication, repair avoidance, and genome editing, among others. Viral evolution is the accumulation of heritable genetic changes in a virus over time, which might result from adaptations in response to environmental changes or the host's immune response. Viruses can change quickly due to their short generation rates and enormous population densities.
Title : Dengue transmission and Aedes vector dynamics before, during and after COVID-19 travel restrictions
Ranjan Ramasamy, IDFISH Technology and University of Jaffna, United States
Title : Viral RNA structures as regulators of gene expression and therapeutic targets
Silvi Rouskin, Harvard Medical School, United States
Title : Novel functions of IRF3 in viral infection and inflammation
Saurabh Chattopadhyay, The University of Toledo, United States
Title : Therapeutic intervention of Bunyavirus induced hemorrhagic fever and cardiopulmonary disease
Mohammad Mir, Western University of Health Sciences, United States
Title : Why and how we discover and study the biology of viruses of micro-organisms in Aotearoa New Zealand
Robin Mac Diarmid, University of Auckland, New Zealand
Title : Antiviral action of aqueous extracts of propolis from scaptotrigona aff. postica against zica, chikungunya, and mayaro virus
Zucatelli, Instituto Butantan, Brazil